Ketamine had been the most commonly abused drug in Hong Kong from 2006 to 2014. The recognition of ketamine uropathy as a distinct disease entity in Hong Kong began in 2007. Ketamine uropathy included damage to the bladder, ureters and kidneys. Urological evaluation of ketamine abusers began with non-invasive modalities including uroflowmetry and ultrasonography, these investigations served as risk assessment for upper tract damage. Different successful care delivery models - outreach clinic, nurse-led clinic, one-stop clinic, and in-patient program - shared a common core value of patience and care.

Ibuprofen is commonly used to treat symptoms of acute upper respiratory tract infections such as colds and flu (URTI) but there is little published work on the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen as an over the counter treatment (OTC) for URTI. This review will look at the efficacy and safety of ibuprofen as a symptomatic treatment for URTI. The review will demonstrate that the symptoms of URTI are caused by an inflammatory response to infection and that ibuprofen by its mechanism of action as an anti-inflammatory agent is an effective symptomatic treatment. The review looks at the safety of ibuprofen in OTC doses and discusses some of the confusion between the safety of OTC doses for URTI versus high dose therapy for chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. The efficacy and safety of ibuprofen as a treatment for URTI is mainly confirmed from acute and chronic pain studies in adults, and fever studies in infants and children. The review concludes that when used as directed, OTC therapy with ibuprofen is a safe and effective symptomatic treatment for URTI.

The present review examines the continued claims in a number of published articles that the oxytocin released by the human female orgasm is a component to enhance reproductive fitness by facilitating the rate or the amount, or both, of sperm transported to the ovum. The errors in these accounts, both of omission and commission, which undermine the claimed support for this proposed function of oxytocin are highlighted and discussed. Other functions of oxytocin present better candidates for its possible orgasmic actions.

Colchicine is one of the oldest medications still in use today and is commonly used for the treatment of gout and familial Mediterranean fever. Its anti-inflammatory properties have raised the question of its utility in managing several cardiovascular diseases, including postoperative atrial fibrillation and pericarditis. Colchicine is commonly produced by plants like Colchicum autumnale and Gloriosa superba. It is originally used to treat rheumatic complaints, especially gout, and still finds its uses for these purposes today despite dosing issues concerning its toxicity. It is also prescribed for its cathartic and emetic effects. Initially oral colchicine has not been approved as a drug by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). But now FDA approved colchicine as a drug for some disorders.
The present review is mainly focused on the chemistry of colchicines and its derivatives. Microbial transformation techniques have been highlighted on the production of efficient, direct and green biotransformation of thiocolchicine into thiocolchicoside, performed by a specific strain of Bacillus sp. The same process, with minor modifications, can be used to convert the by-product 3-O-demethyl-thiocolchicine into thiocolchicoside. In addition, it has been described the upcoming demand of colchicines derivatives for curing various cancer and chronic pain.

Rhabdomyolysis, the rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle, is a rare manifestation of colchicine toxicity. We report a case of colchicine induced rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury with hepatic impairment . We expect that this case report adds to the existing literature on this subject.