Research Article
Nishan Chakrabarty, Susmita das, Jahid Hasan MD, Kutub Uddin Ahamed, Mehedi Hassan Don MD, Mohammad Manjur Rahman, AbidaAkter Akhi, Rakib Hasan MD, Saraban Tahora, and Nishat Rahman*
Our pancreas makes a hormone called insulin. It's what lets our cells turn glucose from the food we eat into energy. People with type 2 diabetes make insulin, but their cells don't use it as well as they should. Since they get affected by the disease called Diabetes. Diabetes is a deep rooted illness that influences the way your body handles glucose, a sort of sugar, in your blood. From many years many experiment has taken place to discover the remarkable usage of various medicinal plants which can play an effective role against diabetes despite of chemical medications. As we know it is a very sensitive health issue many hazardous use of drugs may cause serious side effects. From this prospective we have reviewed the paper NATURAL PRODUCTS AND PLANTS AS POTENTIAL ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS. From which we have selected a medicinal plant Capsicum annum l. which has an active compound Phenolic acid, l Ascorbic acid, Alpha-tocopherol, Capsaicin, Carotenoids, and Capsinoids. And among them the compounds Phenolic acid, l Ascorbic acid, Alpha-tocopherol gave remarkable hypoglycemic effects on mice. Turning it to computational analysis we have the molecular docking to evaluate its role in Alpha-amylase and 1, 6-Fructose bisphosphate. These two protein enzyme plays an important role in hypoglycemic action in human body. Besides we have also analyzed the ADME properties of this compounds to find out it role in metabolism, excretion and bio-availabilities in human body.
Mwiya Liamunga Imasiku*
Introduction: Excessive anxiety contributes to a sense of helplessness in which a person feels little control over the present or future and continues maladaptive behaviour patterns. Given the negative influence of long-standing anxiety, the present study attempts to find an answer regarding the possible differences between the prevalence and impact of anxiety in HIV seropositive individuals, cancer patients and individuals from the normative population. Anxiety is a major health hazard in HIV seropositive individuals. This is so because it is probably one of the factors responsible for the quick progression of their HIV seropositive status to AIDS.
Methods: The sample consisted of 180 subjects. Half of these individuals (90) came from Zambia, and the remaining 90 came from India. Out of each group of 90 individuals, 30 were HIV seropositive individuals, 30 were HIV negative but with cancer and 30 were individuals from the normative population (having none of the above two mentioned conditions, i.e., HIV or Cancer). In Zambia, the sample was drawn from the University Teaching Hospital [UTH], Kara Counseling - Hope house, Mother Theresa Hospice and Network of Zambian people living with HIV [NZP+]. In India, the sample was drawn from Snehandan, Karnataka network for people living with HIV [KNP+], and Kidwai Hospital. The technique of assessment used was the Symptoms Questionnaire developed by Kellner used to assess anxiety and physical illness behavior [somatic symptoms]. The data obtained were analyzed using't' tests and analysis of covariance. In the present investigation, an attempt was made to explore the intensity of anxiety in HIV+ individuals, Cancer patients and individuals from the normative population.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study reveal that HIV+ individuals and cancer patients have higher levels of anxiety than individuals from the normative population. Anxiety is also found to be positively correlated with physical illness behavior. This indicates that assessment and treatment of anxiety is an integral component in the treatment HIV seropositive individuals and Cancer patients since high level of anxiety and physical illness behavior seem to co-exist. It's therefore likely that a high level of anxiety is a core factor that might be responsible for the quick progression of HIV infection into AIDS.
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Case Series
Ian Rossman*
Pediatric neuroimmunologic diseases are rare, autoinflammatory conditions affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Treatment options are based on anecdotal evidence and adaptation from adult treatment protocols. Rituximab has emerged as a highly effective disease modifying therapy and immunomodulator across multiple neuroimmunologic diseases. Despite potential for serious side effects and cost related to rituximab use, when used appropriately rituximab is well tolerated, appears to have reasonable short- and long-term side effect profiles, and may be useful across a variety of neuroimmunologic conditions. Herein I report five different patients with distinct pediatric neuroimmunologic diseases including: chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), pediatric onset multiple sclerosis (POMS), neuromyelitis optica immunoglobulin (NMO-IgG) positive NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD), NMO-IgG negative NMOSD, and opsoclonus myoclonus ataxia syndrome (OMAS). Each patient responded well to rituximab with reduction of baseline disease activity and in some cases, disability. Rituximab was well tolerated, though there were three infusion-related reactions, none of which were life threatening or interfered with continued rituximab treatment. Two of the five received concomitant intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for baseline disease activity, but there was no hypogammaglobulinemia to date. These cases provide class D evidence of rituximab therapy and contribute to the growing literature supportive of wider off-label use of rituximab in pediatric neuroimmunologic diseases.
Editorial
Trey Van Dyke and X. Robert Wang*
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a multisystem disease that arises from mutations in a single gene encoding a cAMP-activated anion channel known as the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) [1].
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Review Article
Rownak Jahan, Khoshnur Jannat, Maidul Islam MM, Nasrin Akhter Shova, Rifat Shah MD, Jannatul Ferdoes Shoma, Taufiq Rahman, and Mohammed Rahmatullah*
Bangladesh is a developing country with the majority of its population residing in rural areas, which lack modern doctors and hospitals. Poisonous snake bites with resulting fatalities are common in the country, and in absence of modern medical treatment, rural people seek help of traditional medicinal practitioners, who generally use plants for neutralizing snake venom. Abelmoschus moschatus and Achyranthes aspera are two plants used among others to treat snake bites. The present review deals with ethnic uses of these two plants for treatment of snake bites in various areas of the world, reported phytochemical constituents of the two plants, and any reported scientific evidences of any of the phytoconstituent (s) in neutralizing snake venom.